Philodendron lacerum grows as either an epiphyte or a hemiepiphytic species. An epiphyte is as species that grows upon the side of branches of a tree as a result of a seed being placed in the tree in the droppings of a bird, animal or bat. A hemiepiphyte normally begins life as a seed which has fallen to the ground and then climbs the host tree. Hemiepiphytes may also be epiphytic (a plant that begins life on the branch of a tree) and then drop roots to the soil that become firmly established in

Mayo Clinic Minute: What you need to know about patent foramen ovale

Foramen lacerum (and a bit of pterygoid canal) anatomy