The word Fergana (/fɜːrˈɡɑːnə/ fur-GAHN-ə) is of Persian origin. The valley has been set foot on by various peoples.
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The Fergana Valley is an intermountain depression in Central Asia, between the mountain systems of the Tien Shan in the north and the Alay in the south. The valley is approximately 300 kilometres (190 mi) long and up to 70 kilo… 展开

In the south of the valley, in the spurs of the Turkestan ridge, there is the Madygen fossil locality, in which more than 15 thousand fossils of Triassic plants (Ginkgoales, cycads, ferns, Neocalamitaceae) and animals (insects… 展开

The climate of this valley is dry and continental, being mostly a cool arid climate (Köppen BWk) or a cool semi-arid climate (BSk) in less shielded areas. In March the temperature reaches 20 °C (68 °F), and then rapidly rise… 展开

Fergana, on the route to Tarim Basin from the west, remained at the boundaries of a number of classical era empires.
As early as 500 BC, the western sections of the Fergana Valley formed part of the Sogdiana region, … 展开

In Tsarist times, out of some 1,200,000 ha (3,000,000 acres) of cultivated land, about two thirds were under constant irrigation and the remaining third under partial irrigation. The soil was considered by the authors of the art… 展开