pelvic peritonitis and/or tubo–ovarian abscess (TOA). [1] Acute PID is caused by the ascending spread of microorganisms from the vagina and/or endocervix to the endometrium, fallopian tubes and ...

can further characterize the masses in the case of suspicion of tubal lesions by detecting a significantly richer and low resistant blood flow in the tubo-ovarian abscess in comparison with ...

Ovarian malignancy Tubo-ovarian abscess, which is unresponsive to antibiotics. The ovaries may have deposits of endometriosis advocating their removal. Gastrointestinal or other metastatic cancer ...