The upper pulmonary veins ... view that isolation of all four PVs is mandatory at the initial ablation attempt for a successful outcome. If we cannot identify the vein responsible for the ...

Background: The morphology of the pulmonary veins (PVs) before and after segmental isolation of the PVs has not been sufficiently characterized. Methods and Results: Multi-slice computed ...

alongside pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) significantly improves sinus rhythm maintenance in patients suffering from persistent atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is when the heart's ...