opaque leaves, or apply purely specular or Lambertian transmission. The accuracy of these assumptions and the effect on simulation results are currently unknown. This study captured deciduous ...

As foliage darkens in the fall, the pigments within the plant matter break down and transform Explore Subscribe Newsletters Content Licensing Our Partners Terms of ...

Winter poses challenges for every living thing, two of the most crucial challenges being to obtain enough water and nutrients ...

As foliage darkens in the fall, the pigments within the plant matter break down and transform 5 Record-Breaking Bird Migrations (02:56) Pesto the Enormous, Viral King Penguin Molts His Baby ...

Prologue One of the reasons I moved to Claremont, California, in 2008 was Claremont’s banning of the gasoline-powered leaf ...

Deciduous trees – trees that lose their leaves every year and their leaves change colour with each season, such as oak trees. Deforestation – when trees are cut down to clear the land for ...

Similar to a tropical rainforest, deciduous woodland is made up of four different layers. Depending how wet it is on the ground, you may find mosses, fungi, leaf litter and decaying wood.